An indirect, usually cunning means of gaining an end

• shenanigan

  1. A playful or mischievous act; a prank:
  2. An underhanded act or deceitful remark:

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  1. A playful or mischievous act; a prank:
  2. An underhanded act or deceitful remark:

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• wile

  1. A stratagem or trick intended to deceive or ensnare.
  2. A disarming or seductive manner, device, or procedure:
  3. To influence or lead by means of wiles; entice:

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  1. A stratagem or trick intended to deceive or ensnare.
  2. A disarming or seductive manner, device, or procedure:
  3. To influence or lead by means of wiles; entice:

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• trick

  1. An act or procedure intended to achieve an end by deceptive or fraudulent means.
  2. A mischievous action; a prank:
  3. A stupid, disgraceful, or childish act:

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  1. An act or procedure intended to achieve an end by deceptive or fraudulent means.
  2. A mischievous action; a prank:
  3. A stupid, disgraceful, or childish act:

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• subterfuge

  1. Deception used to achieve an end:
  2. A deceptive stratagem or device:

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  1. Deception used to achieve an end:
  2. A deceptive stratagem or device:

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• stratagem

  1. A scheme or maneuver designed to achieve an objective, as in surprising an enemy or deceiving someone.
  2. The devising or execution of such schemes or maneuvers:

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  1. A scheme or maneuver designed to achieve an objective, as in surprising an enemy or deceiving someone.
  2. The devising or execution of such schemes or maneuvers:

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• sleight

  1. Deftness; dexterity.
  2. A clever or skillful trick or deception; an artifice or stratagem.

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  1. Deftness; dexterity.
  2. A clever or skillful trick or deception; an artifice or stratagem.

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• ruse

  1. A crafty stratagem; a subterfuge.

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  1. A crafty stratagem; a subterfuge.

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• ploy

  1. An action calculated to frustrate an opponent or gain an advantage indirectly or deviously; a maneuver:

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  1. An action calculated to frustrate an opponent or gain an advantage indirectly or deviously; a maneuver:

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• maneuver

  1. A movement or combination of movements involving skill and dexterity:
  2. A controlled change in movement or direction of a moving vehicle or vessel, as in the flight path of an aircraft.
  3. A strategic or tactical military or naval movement.

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  1. A movement or combination of movements involving skill and dexterity:
  2. A controlled change in movement or direction of a moving vehicle or vessel, as in the flight path of an aircraft.
  3. A strategic or tactical military or naval movement.

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• jig

  1. Any of various lively dances in triple time.
  2. The music for such a dance.
  3. A joke or trick. Used chiefly in the phrase The jig is up.

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  1. Any of various lively dances in triple time.
  2. The music for such a dance.
  3. A joke or trick. Used chiefly in the phrase The jig is up.

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• imposture

  1. The act or instance of engaging in deception under an assumed name or identity.

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  1. The act or instance of engaging in deception under an assumed name or identity.

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• gimmick

  1. A device employed to cheat, deceive, or trick, especially a mechanism for the secret and dishonest control of gambling apparatus.
  2. An innovative or unusual mechanical contrivance; a gadget.
  3. An innovative stratagem or scheme employed especially to promote a project:

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  1. A device employed to cheat, deceive, or trick, especially a mechanism for the secret and dishonest control of gambling apparatus.
  2. An innovative or unusual mechanical contrivance; a gadget.
  3. An innovative stratagem or scheme employed especially to promote a project:

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• feint

  1. A military attack or maneuver that is meant to divert attention away from a planned point of attack.
  2. A body movement that is intended to divert another's attention, often by being deliberately left uncompleted:
  3. A deceptive action calculated to divert attention from one's real purpose.

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  1. A military attack or maneuver that is meant to divert attention away from a planned point of attack.
  2. A body movement that is intended to divert another's attention, often by being deliberately left uncompleted:
  3. A deceptive action calculated to divert attention from one's real purpose.

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• dodge

  1. To avoid (a blow, for example) by moving or shifting quickly aside.
  2. To evade (an obligation, for example) by cunning, trickery, or deceit:
  3. To blunt or reduce the intensity of (a section of a photograph) by shading during the printing process.

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  1. To avoid (a blow, for example) by moving or shifting quickly aside.
  2. To evade (an obligation, for example) by cunning, trickery, or deceit:
  3. To blunt or reduce the intensity of (a section of a photograph) by shading during the printing process.

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• device

  1. A contrivance or invention serving a particular purpose, especially a machine used to perform one or more relatively simple tasks.
  2. A literary contrivance, such as parallelism or personification, used to achieve a particular effect.
  3. A decorative design, figure, or pattern, as one used in embroidery.

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  1. A contrivance or invention serving a particular purpose, especially a machine used to perform one or more relatively simple tasks.
  2. A literary contrivance, such as parallelism or personification, used to achieve a particular effect.
  3. A decorative design, figure, or pattern, as one used in embroidery.

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• deception

  1. The use of deceit.
  2. The fact or state of being deceived.
  3. A ruse; a trick.

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  1. The use of deceit.
  2. The fact or state of being deceived.
  3. A ruse; a trick.

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• artifice

  1. Deception or trickery:
  2. Something contrived or made up to achieve an end, especially by deceiving; a stratagem or ruse:
  3. Cleverness or ingenuity in making or doing something; art or skill:

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  1. Deception or trickery:
  2. Something contrived or made up to achieve an end, especially by deceiving; a stratagem or ruse:
  3. Cleverness or ingenuity in making or doing something; art or skill:

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To include

• incorporate

  1. To unite (one thing) with something else already in existence:
  2. To admit as a member to a corporation or similar organization.
  3. To cause to merge or combine together into a united whole.

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  1. To unite (one thing) with something else already in existence:
  2. To admit as a member to a corporation or similar organization.
  3. To cause to merge or combine together into a united whole.

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• comprise

  1. To be composed of or contain:
  2. To compose; make up; constitute:

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  1. To be composed of or contain:
  2. To compose; make up; constitute:

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• embrace

  1. To clasp or hold close with the arms, usually as an expression of affection.
  2. To surround or enclose:
  3. To include or contain as part of something broader.

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  1. To clasp or hold close with the arms, usually as an expression of affection.
  2. To surround or enclose:
  3. To include or contain as part of something broader.

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To understand

• perceive

  1. To become aware of (something) directly through any of the senses, especially sight or hearing:
  2. To cause or allow the mind to become aware of (a stimulus):
  3. To achieve understanding of; apprehend:

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  1. To become aware of (something) directly through any of the senses, especially sight or hearing:
  2. To cause or allow the mind to become aware of (a stimulus):
  3. To achieve understanding of; apprehend:

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• apprehend

  1. To take into custody; arrest:
  2. To grasp mentally; understand:
  3. To become conscious of, as through the emotions or senses; perceive:

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  1. To take into custody; arrest:
  2. To grasp mentally; understand:
  3. To become conscious of, as through the emotions or senses; perceive:

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• comprehend

  1. To take in the meaning, nature, or importance of; grasp.
  2. To have as part of something larger; encompass or include.

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  1. To take in the meaning, nature, or importance of; grasp.
  2. To have as part of something larger; encompass or include.

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*To cheat

• defraud

  1. To take something from by fraud; swindle:

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  1. To take something from by fraud; swindle:

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• lie

  1. To be or place oneself at rest in a flat, horizontal, or recumbent position; recline:
  2. To be placed on or supported by a surface that is usually horizontal:
  3. To be or remain in a specified condition:

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  1. To be or place oneself at rest in a flat, horizontal, or recumbent position; recline:
  2. To be placed on or supported by a surface that is usually horizontal:
  3. To be or remain in a specified condition:

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• swindle

  1. To cheat or defraud of money or property.
  2. To obtain by fraudulent means:
  3. To practice fraud as a means of obtaining money or property.

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  1. To cheat or defraud of money or property.
  2. To obtain by fraudulent means:
  3. To practice fraud as a means of obtaining money or property.

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To give hospitality to

• accept

  1. To answer affirmatively:
  2. To agree to take (a duty or responsibility).
  3. To receive (something offered), especially with gladness or approval:

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  1. To answer affirmatively:
  2. To agree to take (a duty or responsibility).
  3. To receive (something offered), especially with gladness or approval:

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• shelter

  1. Something, especially a structure, that provides cover or protection, as from the weather:
  2. An establishment that provides temporary housing for homeless people.
  3. An establishment that cares for unwanted or stray animals and tries to find owners for them.

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  1. Something, especially a structure, that provides cover or protection, as from the weather:
  2. An establishment that provides temporary housing for homeless people.
  3. An establishment that cares for unwanted or stray animals and tries to find owners for them.

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• welcome

  1. Received with pleasure and hospitality into one's company or home:
  2. Giving pleasure or satisfaction; agreeable or gratifying:
  3. Cordially or willingly permitted or invited:

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  1. Received with pleasure and hospitality into one's company or home:
  2. Giving pleasure or satisfaction; agreeable or gratifying:
  3. Cordially or willingly permitted or invited:

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To shorten

• furl

  1. To roll up and secure (a flag or sail, for example) to something else.
  2. To be or become rolled up.
  3. The act or an instance of rolling up.

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  1. To roll up and secure (a flag or sail, for example) to something else.
  2. To be or become rolled up.
  3. The act or an instance of rolling up.

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• reef

  1. A strip or ridge of rocks, sand, or coral that rises to or near the surface of a body of water.
  2. A vein of ore.

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  1. A strip or ridge of rocks, sand, or coral that rises to or near the surface of a body of water.
  2. A vein of ore.

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• cut down

  1. Used other than as an idiom: see cut,"Ž down.
  2. To bring down by cutting.
  3. (idiomatic) To insult, to belittle.

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  1. Used other than as an idiom: see cut,"Ž down.
  2. To bring down by cutting.
  3. (idiomatic) To insult, to belittle.

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• lessen

  1. To make less; reduce.
  2. To make little of; belittle.
  3. To become less; decrease:

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  1. To make less; reduce.
  2. To make little of; belittle.
  3. To become less; decrease:

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• reduce

  1. To bring down, as in extent, amount, or degree; diminish.
  2. To gain control of; subject or conquer:
  3. To subject to destruction:

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  1. To bring down, as in extent, amount, or degree; diminish.
  2. To gain control of; subject or conquer:
  3. To subject to destruction:

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