The soil generally is a sandy loam or a strong but friable clay, and very fertile.
Any good free loam is suitable, but a calcareous loam is the best.
The north-west and north-east sections contain some glacial drift but the soil in these parts is not suitable for cultivation except in the larger valleys in the north-west where it is drained by glacial gravel or there is some sandy loam mixed with clay.
The shores are sand, clay or loam throughout some 1300 m., with very rare rock ridges or rapids, and the banks rise low above ordinary water.
The soil of the northern portion of the county is a rich brown loam, on a substratum of clay or gravel.