Another word for viciousness

Martha spat with a viciousness that shocked Dean as much as the officer.

These medium-sized mill towns breed a sordid viciousness which makes gangsters seem as benign as Robin Hood and the East Side a cultural paradise.

But scattered through all these alternate outbursts of hope and despair we find precious lessons of purest morality, and solemn warnings against the tricks and perfidy of the world, the vanity of all earthly splendour and greatness, the folly and injustice of men, and the hypocrisy, frivolity and viciousness of fashionable society and princely courts in particular.

Jonathan Edwards, Benjamin Colman (1673-1747), and Joseph Bellamy, recognized the viciousness of so extreme a position.

In this work he ably combated the views of Turgot and other European writers as to the viciousness of the framework of the state governments.