It is more important to observe that under Joseph and his ministers or advisers, including the Frenchmen Roederer, Dumas, Miot de Melito and the Corsican Saliceti, great progress was made in abolishing feudal laws and customs, in reforming the judicial procedure and criminal laws on the model of the Code Napoleon, and in attempting the beginnings of elementary education.

Financial and military advisers were procured from Germany.

to find a place at once among the advisers of William and Mary, and he was excepted from the act of indemnity of 1690.

to find a place at once among the advisers of William and Mary, and he was excepted from the act of indemnity of 1690.

Some of Ivan's advisers, including both Sylvester and Adashev, now advised him to make an end of the Crimean khanate, as he had already made an end of the khanates of Kazan and Astrakhan.