Although tics vary considerably in severity, they are associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders in children and adolescents.
These disorders are sometimes grouped together as PANDAS disorders, which stands for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococci.
The acronym stands for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococci.
The study, Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children concludes, "We have identified a chronic enterocolitis in children that may be related to neuropsychiatric dysfunction.