The Romans, as we remarked above, distinguished between the Lemures or wandering mischievous ghosts and the Manes snugly interred and tended in the cemetery which was part of every Italian settlement.
The word Manes signified the friendly ancestral ghosts of a Roman household.
The later explanation that Summanus is a contraction from Summus Manium (the greatest of the Manes), and that he is to be identified with Dis Pater, is now generally rejected.
Thus Herculi from Hercules and manubria from manes are equally regarded as examples of declinatio.
Modern painting among the Czechs begins with Josef Manes (1826-71) and Czermak (1831-78), and Ales.