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Now was to be seen the determining influence of sea-power even in those days.
The sea power thus gained what had all along been wanting, a sure basis for the exercise of its force against the land power, Napoleon.
Mahan, Influence of Sea Power on the French Revolution and Empire (2 vols., London, 1892); A.
Mahan, Sea-Power in its Relation to the War of 1812 (2 vols., Boston, 1905); and William Kingsford, The History of Canada, vol.
The influence of the Italian towns did not make itself greatly felt till after the end of the First Crusade, when it made possible the foundation of a kingdom in Jerusalem, in addition to the three principalities established by Bohemund, Baldwin and Raymond; but during the course of the Crusade itself the Italian ships which hugged the shores of Syria were able to supply the crusaders with provisions and munition of war, and to render help in the sieges of Antioch and Jerusalem.4 Sea-power had thus some influence in determining the victory of the crusaders.