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Very little was spent on sanitation, roads, other public works and education.
Sanitation decreases the death-rate, religion keeps up the birth-rate.
The sewerage system and conditions of house sanitation were found extremely inadequate when the American army occupied the city in 1899.
The water supply and drainage systems were introduced by the United States government, which controls the sanitation of the city, but has no other jurisdiction over it.
The principal streets are wide and tree lined, the sanitation is good.