This is explored some more in the page on ligand exchange reactions Amphoteric hydroxides An amphoteric hydroxides An amphoteric substance has both acidic and basic properties.
To establish the viability of 18 as a ligand we reacted it with a range of transition metal carbonyl compounds with mixed results.
In order for the channel to respond to the appropriate ligand they have specific regulatory domains attached to the ion conduction pathway.
The closed conformation is usually stabilized by a bound ligand.
It should be noted that the effector ligand does not enter the bacterial cell cytoplasm in order to exert its effects.