It is clear, however, that the flow is severely perturbed by the enhanced ionospheric conductivity caused by particle precipitation into the E-region.
Dual frequency operation enables the user to implement a measured ionospheric correction.
This study reports observations of traveling ionospheric disturbances made in the UK at the time of the total solar eclipse of 11 August 1999.
The resulting ionospheric footprint, and the associated potential patterns, are critically dependent upon dipole tilt and IMF clock angle.
Several works have obtained successful results achieved by combining occultation and ground GPS data to estimate the local three-dimensional structure of ionospheric electron density.