January onwards The Fakir of Ipi makes repeated attempts to foment unrest against British colonial rule in India's North-West Frontier Province.
Modern primitive cultural leaders included Fakir Musafar, who promoted modern primitivism as an offshoot of the 1970's punk subculture.
This Mahommedan soldier-adventurer, who, followed by his son Tippoo, became the most formidable Asiatic rival the British ever encountered in India, was the great-grandson of a fakir or wandering ascetic of Islam, who had found his way from the Punjab to Gulburga in the Deccan, and the second son of a naik or chief constable at Budikota, near Kolar in Mysore.
