It was then found that on reducing the lactone of the acid obtained from d-mannonic acid, ordinary glucose resulted.
On reducing the lactone prepared from the inactive acid an inactive galactose is obtained from which l-galactose may be separated by fermentation.
Sedanolic acid readily decomposes into water and its lactone sedanolid, C 12 H 18 0 2, the odorous constituent of celery oil.
Alternatively a macrocyclic lactone can be used to treat for scab and will also be part of the strategy to remove resistant worms.
Reaction (e) is a special case for hydroxyl lactones which results in cleavage across the lactone ring.